Why Do Meteorologists Use the Beaufort Wind Scale?

Despite the WMO (World Meteorological Organization) recommending the use of meter per second (m/s) for measuring wind speeds, the Beaufort Wind Scale has proven to be a practical and widely preferred choice for certain applications within the meteorological community. This article explores the origins of this scale and its continued relevance in various scenarios, particularly those concerning maritime and coastal forecasts.

Introduction to the Beaufort Wind Scale

Thomas Beaufort, a British admiral and hydrographer, devised the Beaufort Wind Scale in the early 19th century. This scale is based on how wind is perceived rather than precise measurements, making it user-friendly for seafarers and weather forecasters alike.

The Role of Beaufort Scale in Weather Reporting

The Beaufort scale has become a standard in weather reporting, especially when it comes to maritime weather forecasts. This is because it allows for a more intuitive and comprehensive description of wind intensity. For example, Channel 16 broadcasts in Denmark often report wind speeds in meters per second, while the British Coast Guard prefers using the Beaufort scale. Both methods serve their purpose, but the Beaufort scale offers a broader contextual understanding of the wind's impact.

Comparison with WMO Standards

The WMO recommends measuring wind speed in meters per second (m/s) for its precision and ease of international comparison. However, the Beaufort scale's simplicity and practicality have made it the preferred method in many applications. For instance, in the aftermath of the Fastnet Race disaster in 1979, where 15 sailors lost their lives, the British Coast Guard adopted a worst-case forecast practice during the summer, which is communicated via VHF radio. This example underscores the importance of clear, easily understandable wind condition descriptions in maritime contexts.

Preferences and Practicalities of the Beaufort Scale

Despite the WMO's standards, the Beaufort scale has its advantages. Firstly, it aligns well with the way wind is experienced and perceived by mariners and sailors. The scale categorizes wind conditions into 13 categories, each associated with visual and auditory indicators, which makes it easier for them to understand and prepare accordingly.

Secondly, the scale's qualitative nature allows for quick assessments and immediate action. In emergency situations, such as the Fastnet Race, accurate and rapid assessments of wind conditions can mean the difference between life and death. The Beaufort scale provides a simple yet effective way to communicate these conditions.

Conclusion

The continued relevance of the Beaufort Wind Scale in meteorology does not negate the importance of the WMO's recommendations for precise wind speed measurement. Instead, it highlights the need for a flexible and adaptable approach to meteorological reporting. Whether it is the precise m/s measurements or the qualitative Beaufort scale, both serve distinct purposes and cater to different needs in weather forecasting and reporting.

For more information about wind speed measurement and the Beaufort Wind Scale, visit the World Meteorological Organization or explore Met Office resources.

Stay updated on weather conditions and prepare accordingly by understanding the scale that best suits your needs—whether it is the Beaufort Wind Scale or m/s measurements.