Why Bhubaneswar is Developing While Southern Parts of Odisha Lag Behind
The development of a region is a multifaceted process influenced by a range of socio-economic, political, and infrastructural factors. In the case of Odisha, the regional disparity between Bhubaneswar and the southern parts of the state, including Berhampur and Koraput, is a pressing issue that requires detailed examination. This article explores the reasons behind the uneven development, focusing on the lack of infrastructure, political prioritization, and strategic decision-making.
Infrastructure: The Elephant in the Room
A key factor contributing to the disparity in development between Bhubaneswar and southern Odisha is the availability of airports. As of 2018, the only airports in Odisha were in Bhubaneswar, with Jharsuguda becoming the second in 2019. The absence of an airport in southern Odisha cities like Berhampur and Koraput means that these areas lack a critical gateway for connectivity, investment, and growth. Without air travel options, businesses and tourists are less likely to explore or engage with these regions, further perpetuating their lag in development.
Political Prioritization: Capital Favors Over Peripheral Regions
Bhubaneswar's development is closely tied to its status as the capital city of Odisha. As the seat of the government, Bhubaneswar has attracted a majority of resources, investment, and infrastructure development. The capital benefits from being the hub of political activity, administrative decision-making, and the headquarters of various key government institutions. This concentration of power and resources has led to a snowball effect, enhancing the development of Bhubaneswar and leaving the peripheral regions in the dust.
Strategic Decision-Making and Urban Bias
The strategic decision-making by local administrators, including the IAS (Indian Administrative Service) officials, has also played a significant role. Historically, the IAS officers stationed in Bhubaneswar often had vested interests in promoting the development of Bhubaneswar. They were more inclined to push for development projects in the capital due to their proximity and influence over local governance. The prioritization of Bhubaneswar as a center for national institutes, research institutions, and educational facilities further entrenched its position as the preferred hub for growth and development.
Transport Connectivity: The Backbone of Development
Beyond airports, the transportation infrastructure plays a crucial role in regional development. Bhubaneswar, along with Berhampur, benefits from better rail connectivity, providing easier access to other parts of the state and the country. This enhanced connectivity facilitates the movement of goods, services, and people, thereby promoting economic activity. In contrast, the southern parts of Odisha lag in terms of rail and road infrastructure, limiting their potential for growth and development.
Leadership and Civic Impulse
Despite these factors, there is a significant role for local leadership and civic engagement. As the renowned leader Mahatma Gandhi once said, 'Be a leader and be the vehicle of charge.' It is imperative for the people of Odisha to take an active role in advocating for balanced regional development. Greater investment in infrastructure, especially in the southern parts of the state, can help bridge the development gap.
Conclusion
The uneven development between Bhubaneswar and the southern parts of Odisha is a complex issue influenced by a combination of infrastructural constraints, political prioritization, and strategic decision-making. Addressing this imbalance requires a concerted effort from the government, local authorities, and the community. By focusing on enhancing transportation and connectivity, promoting inclusive growth, and fostering a culture of civic engagement, it is possible to ensure that all parts of Odisha can thrive.
Keywords: Odisha development, Bhubaneswar development, regional imbalance