The Relationship Between Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism: Understanding Core Teachings and Beliefs

The ancient teachings of Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism have a rich history traceable back to the period before the last Ice Age. These teachings, compiled in the Purā?as and Vedas by the sages, Vedavyāsa, around 3100 BCE, are deeply rooted in timeless universal truths. These core teachings, often labeled as “Sanatan Dharma” or eternal dharma, share foundational principles but have evolved significantly in different directions.

Origin and Early Teachings

According to historical records, a concise system of “Sanatan Dharma”, or eternal truth, was revealed on the morning of November 22, 3067 BCE, by Sri Krishna. This revealed system, known as the Shrii-Krishna-Arjuna-Sam-Vada, is popularly known as the Bhagavad Gita. This profound dialogue between Krishna and Arjuna on the battlefield of Kurukshetra laid the foundation for the teachings of Bhagavaan (Supreme Creator) and His relationship with His Creations.

Evolution in Jainism and Buddhism

Jainism, emerged as a structured system, built around the concept of Kevala Jnāna or complete knowledge. The emphasis in Jainism was shifted to the Creations aspect of the Creator and His creations. However, this was presented in a way that simplified the complex teachings, making them accessible to all, regardless of their background or education.

Around the same time, the teachings of an enlightened sage, Gautama Buddha, led to the formation of Buddhism. Buddhism rejected the traditional emphasis on the Supreme Creator and focused instead on understanding and embracing the Creations as they are. Buddhism simplified the profound teachings of the Gita, making them relatable and practical for everyday life. The focus was on personal duty, moral conduct, and achieving spiritual purity through right understanding and actions.

The Birth of Hinduism and Its Impact

Hinduism, as a distinct and elaborate form of Sanatan Dharma, emerged later with a different approach. This new system was marked by a birth-based class system, which classified people into privileged and underprivileged classes. This system, known as the varna system, was not in line with the original teachings of Sanatan Dharma, which were more equanimous and universal.

The emphasis in Hinduism moved away from the core teachings of Sanatan Dharma and towards meaningless rituals, which were used to mask the inherent racism and class-based discrimination. This led to a fragmented and confusing set of beliefs with numerous contradictions and oxymorons.

The Influence and Persecution

Hinduism, far from being a continuation or interpretation of the original teachings, became a system that actively persecuted Buddhists and Jainists. Over time, the teachings of Buddhism and Jainism were criticized and distorted. Many of the original teachings were given negative connotations, and attempts were made to integrate Jainism into the Hindu fold, diluting its distinct identity and teachings.

The influence of Abrahamic religions in Hinduism further complicated the situation. These religions, which are inherently antagonistic towards Buddhism and dharma, were embraced by Hinduism as a means to counter the spread of Buddhism. This created a complex religious landscape where the original teachings of Sanatan Dharma were either hidden or mocked.

Conclusion

The teachings of these ancient religions, particularly in the context of their origins and evolution, provide a profound insight into the spiritual and ethical landscape of ancient India. While Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism share foundational truths, their divergent paths and influences have led to significant differences in practice and belief. Understanding these differences can help in appreciating the rich tapestry of these teachings and their impact on world religions.