Introduction

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Introduction

The Brexit negotiations brought several fears and concerns about the future of Gibraltar, especially regarding its border with Spain. Given Gibraltar's strategic position and its unique status as a British Overseas Territory, any changes in border policies could have significant repercussions. This article examines what would happen if Spain were to block borders with Gibraltar or effectively isolate it.

The 1980s Border Closure as a Precedent

Historical Context and Impact

During the 1980s, when the Ceuta and Melilla crisis occurred, Spain implemented temporary border measures to address increasing illegal immigration. Although these measures disrupted economic activities in the region, the impact on Gibraltar was minimal. The main issues were felt more prominently in Spanish border towns like La Linea, where local businesses, particularly those in the retail sector, faced financial difficulties. However, the move was largely counterproductive, causing economic hardships in Spain rather than damaging Gibraltar.

Geographical and Feasibility of Making Gibraltar an Island

Impossibility of Territorial Isolation

Due to Gibraltar's geographical position, it is impossible to effectively isolate it by making it an independent island. Gibraltar is part of the Iberian Peninsula and is connected to the mainland by a 1,390-meter-wide isthmus. Any attempts to create a separation would be met with logistical challenges. Furthermore, the 5-minute walk to the border crossing from La Linea to Gibraltar makes it impractical for Spain to enforce any such isolation.

Consequences of Border Closure for Spain

Economic Impact and Social Significance

Spain relies heavily on the open borders with Gibraltar for both economic and social reasons. Thousands of Spanish workers commute to Gibraltar daily to take up well-paying jobs, making it an indispensable source of employment. The region serves as a vital link for trade and commerce, with hundreds of lorries crossing the border each day to transport Spanish produce. According to reports from the Guardia Civil, about 100 lorries enter Gibraltar every night from various Spanish towns, including Seville and Mijas, ensuring the supply of fresh produce to Gibraltar's supermarkets.

Security and Cooperation Between Authorities

Close Collaboration Between Authorities

The Royal Gibraltar Police and the Guardia Civil have a close working relationship, which has significantly curtailed smuggling activities. In the past, former Spanish Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy had imposed restrictions on the Guardia Civil's actions to combat smuggling. However, these restrictions were lifted after Rajoy's departure, and the launches based in Palmones were subsequently confiscated.

The efforts by the Royal Gibraltar Police and the Guardia Civil have made smuggling operations in the region much more challenging. As a result, any attempts to block the border would likely be met with active opposition from both sides, ensuring that such measures would be highly unpopular.

Conclusion

The economic and social benefits that Spain receives from maintaining open borders with Gibraltar far outweigh any potential drawbacks. Gibraltar's strategic importance and the vital role it plays in the Spanish economy make it improbable that Spain would pursue such a drastic measure. Maintaining an open border is not just beneficial for Gibraltar but also for Spain, as it ensures the continued flow of goods, employment, and a stable relationship between the two regions.