Autism Language: Person-First vs. Identity-First - Choosing Appropriate Terminology
The language we use when discussing autism is a topic that has garnered significant attention in recent years. The choice between person-first language and identity-first language is not just a matter of preference, but one that impacts the way we perceive and interact with individuals on the autism spectrum. In this article, we will explore the nuances of these two language approaches and provide guidance on how to choose the most appropriate terminology.
Person-First Language
Person-first language emphasizes putting the person before any related condition or attribute. This approach places the individual at the center of the conversation and minimizes the emphasis on their autism. For instance, instead of saying 'Autistic person,' it is more person-first to say 'person with autism.' This language acknowledges that the individual has multiple aspects to their identity, not all of which revolve around their autism diagnosis.
Supporters of person-first language argue that it fosters a more inclusive and respectful dialogue. It reduces the risk of dehumanization and emphasizes the complexity of an individual's identity. In many contexts, including writing and formal communication, person-first language is the preferred choice due to its emphasis on the individual's diversity and multifaceted nature.
Identity-First Language
Identity-first language, on the other hand, puts the identity or condition at the forefront of the description. In this approach, one might say 'Autistic person' rather than 'person with autism.' Proponents of this language argue that it validates the lived experience and the sense of identity that many autistic individuals feel. They believe that language that emphasizes their autism also recognizes and validates their neurodivergence as an inherent part of who they are.
Identity-first language is often favored by the autistic community and individuals who prefer to embrace their own identity. It can be seen as a form of self-empowerment and a way to reclaim a term that may have once been used to describe them in a negative light. However, it is essential to note that this preference is not universal, and many autistic individuals are comfortable with both person-first and identity-first language depending on the context and their personal preferences.
Contextual Considerations
The choice between person-first and identity-first language is not one-size-fits-all. It depends on the audience, the context, and, most importantly, the individual's preference. In most contexts, it is advisable to use the language that the person personally identifies with and feels most comfortable using. Of course, this can be challenging in professional or academic settings where established norms may prevail.
For example, in professional writing, technical and research contexts, person-first language is often expected due to industry standards. However, in personal or peer-to-peer communication, it is crucial to prioritize the individual's preference. If an individual feels more comfortable being referred to using identity-first language, using 'Autistic person' rather than 'person with autism' could be more respectful and authentic.
It is also important to note that different contexts, such as healthcare, education, or activism, may have varying expectations. Healthcare providers and educators often prioritize a more inclusive approach, while activists and members of the autism community may advocate for identity-first language. Navigating these contexts requires sensitivity and awareness of the specific values and norms within each.
Conclusion
The debate between person-first and identity-first language in autism remains an ongoing one. There is no one-size-fits-all answer that suits every situation. Ultimately, the most appropriate language is the language that the individual identifies with and is most comfortable with. By being mindful of an individual's preference and the context in which you are communicating, you can contribute to a more inclusive and respectful dialogue about autism.
Keywords: autism, language, person-first, identity-first